4/28 地理作業~英翻中

Biologists have classified the terrestrial (land) portion of the biosphere into biomes─large regions such as forests,deserts,and grasslands,with distinct climates and certain species(especially vegetation)adapted to them. Figure 3-6 shows different major biomes along the 39th parallel spanning the United States(see Figure 5 on p.S19 in Supplement 4 for a map of the major biomes of North America).
Scientists divide the watery parts of the biosphere into aquatic life zones,each containing numerous ecosystems.There are freshwater life zones(such as lakes and streams)and ocean or marine life zones(such as coral reefs,coastal estuaries,and the deep ocean).The earth is mostly a water planet with saltwater and freshwater life zones covering almost three-fourths of its surface.

生物學家們把地面（土地）部分生物圈到生物群落─大地區分門別類，如森林，荒漠和草原，具有獨特的氣候和某些物種（尤其是植物）適應他們。圖3-6顯示沿線各主要生物群落的第39次平行橫跨美國（見圖5 PS.19在補編4 ，地圖的主要生物群落在北美） 。
科學家研究鴻溝地區的水到水生生物圈，每個都含有大量的淡水生態系統。這裡淡水生活區（如湖泊和河流）和海洋或海洋生活區（如珊瑚礁，沿海港灣，和深海） 。地球是地球是一個水與海水和淡水生活區幾乎囊括四分之三的表面。



What Happens to Solar Energy Reaching the Earth?
Millions of kilometers from the earth, in the immense nuclear fusion reactor that is the sun, nuclei of hydrogen fuse together to form larger helium nuclei(Figure2-5,bottom ,p.32),releasing tremendous amounts of energy into space. Only a very small amount of this output of energy reaches the earth-a tiny sphere in the vastness of space. This energy reaches the earth in the form of electromagnetic waves, mostly as visible light, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and heat (infrared radiation)
(Figure 2-6, p.33).Much of this energy is absorbed or reflected back into space by the earth’s atmosphere, clouds, and surface (Figure 3-7, p. 44).Ozone gas(O3)in the lower stratosphere absorbs about 95% of the sun’s harmful incoming ultraviolet radiation. Without this ozone layer, life as we know it on the land and in the upper layer of water would not exist.


太陽能到達地球會發生什麼變化？
數百萬公里，從地球上，在巨大的核聚變反應堆，這是陽光，氫原子核融合在一起，形成較大的氦原子核（圖2-5 ，自下而上，第32頁 ） ，釋放出大量的能量送入太空。只有極少量的這種產出的能源到達地球，在一個小範圍的廣闊空間。這種能量到達地球是電磁波的形式，主要是可見光，紫外線（ UV ）輻射，熱（紅外輻射）
（圖2-6，第33頁 ） 。大部分能量被吸收或反射回太空的地球的大氣層，雲層和地面（圖3-7 ，第44頁） 。臭氧氣體（臭氧）在較低的平流層吸收了約95 ％的太陽有害紫外線輻射的傳入。如果沒有這種臭氧層，因為我們知道在紫外線輻射的土地上，連在上一層水都不會存在。